abstract：:Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) ranks ninth in worldwide cancer incidence. It is more frequent in men than in women. We review the main established/proposed factors, both environmental and genetic, associated with bladder cancer etiology and prognosis. Data were extracted from previous reviews and original articles ident...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Murta-Nascimento C,Schmitz-Dräger BJ,Zeegers MP,Steineck G,Kogevinas M,Real FX,Malats N

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The treatment of clinically locally advanced prostate cancer (cT3-4) is subject to controversies. Patients with lymph node metastases as well as patients with overstaged localized and thus curable disease fall into this category. Radical prostatectomy, external beam radiotherapy and early or deferred hormonal therapy ...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Wirth MP,Hakenberg OW,Froehner M

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The widespread use of measurement of prostate-specific antigen for prostate cancer screening has led to a dramatic increase in the number of transrectal biopsies. Although transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy is the gold standard in the diagnosis of prostate cancer, the strategies for initial and repeat biops...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Djavan B,Margreiter M

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although immediate radical cystectomy remains the standard of care for invasive bladder cancer, a large body of international experience from single institutions and cooperative groups has accumulated, suggesting favorable results with bladder-sparing approaches in appropriately selected patients. Modern selective bla...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Efstathiou JA,Zietman AL,Kaufman DS,Heney NM,Coen JJ,Shipley WU

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 30-45% failure rate after radical cystoprostatectomy mandates that we explore and optimize multimodal therapy to achieve better disease control in these patients. Cisplatin-based multi-agent combination chemotherapy has been used with success in metastatic disease and has therefore also been introduced in patients...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Black PC,Brown GA,Grossman HB,Dinney CP

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this cross-sectional study was to compare single with repeated high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment in patients with localized prostate cancer, regarding treatment-related morbidity. A number of 223 consecutive patients with localized prostate cancer were treated with HIFU. Among them, 174 (78...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Blana A,Rogenhofer S,Ganzer R,Wild PJ,Wieland WF,Walter B

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The treatment of lower urinary symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) after failure of medical therapies remains controversial for most urologic surgeons. The complications of traditional surgery are the driving force behind the development of several minimally invasive treatments of symptomatic BPH....

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Elzayat EA,Elhilali MM

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) remains the treatment of choice for staghorn renal calculi. Many reports suggest that laparoscopy can be an alternative treatment for large renal stones. We wished to evaluate the role and feasibility of laparoscopic extended pyelolithotomy (REP) for treatment of staghorn calculi. T...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Badani KK,Hemal AK,Fumo M,Kaul S,Shrivastava A,Rajendram AK,Yusoff NA,Sundram M,Woo S,Peabody JO,Mohamed SR,Menon M

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Robotic surgery was started in the Department of Urology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, in April 2004. We present our experience in developing the program and report the results of our first 50 cases of robotic radical prostatectomy. A three-arm da Vinci robotic system was installed in our hospital in March 2004. Prior to in...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Sahabudin RM,Arni T,Ashani N,Arumuga K,Rajenthran S,Murali S,Patel V,Hemal A,Menon M

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Asymptomatic bacteriuria is common in diabetic women. Treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria is not beneficial, but the natural history of the microbiology of asymptomatic bacteriuria has not been well described. OBJECTIVE:To describe the microbiological outcomes of bacteriuria in diabetic women with untreat...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Nicolle LE,Zhanel GG,Harding GK

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contemporary literature regarding the management of neobladder-vaginal fistula and stress urinary incontinence following radical cystectomy and neobladder reconstruction in women is reviewed in this article. Neobladder-vaginal fistula is uncommon but mandates meticulous repair. Compared to the native bladder, the wall...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Tunuguntla HS,Manoharan M,Gousse AE

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The landscape has dramatically changed for patients seeking treatment for rapid ejaculation. Previously, psychotherapy or behavioral treatment was considered to be the treatment of choice for this troubling sexual dysfunction. Since the early 1990s, an efficacious alternative treatment has emerged-the off-label admini...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Althof SE

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The postnatal management of prenatally detected hydronephrosis mainly involves a close follow-up with ultrasound, renal isotopic scan and URO-MRI. In some cases, there is an indication for either a pyeloplasty or, more exceptionally, nephrectomy of a non-functioning obstructed kidney. In this chapter, we review the in...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： El-Ghoneimi A

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Peyronie's disease (PD, induratio penis plastica) is uncommon. Its etiology is unknown and the incidence is stated to be 1%, although more recent data suggest that it is higher. The symptoms are penile deviation and painful erection in association with penile plaques. The diagnosis is performed by palpation of the pen...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Fornara P,Gerbershagen HP

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this article is to describe the current ultrasound (US) contrast agents employed in the characterization of renal tumors and to report our experience in the use of a contrast-specific ultrasound technique pulse inversion harmonic imaging (PIHI).A total of 23 renal masses were prospectively evaluated by conv...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Siracusano S,Quaia E,Bertolotto M,Ciciliato S,Tiberio A,Belgrano E

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many women develop stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after childbirth, but the exact neuronal changes are largely unknown. This study is designed to identify the neuronal changes associated with pregnancy, delivery and ovariectomy. A total of 10 virgin and 48 pregnant rats were used. Cystometry and stress/sneeze tests...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Sievert KD,Bakircioglu ME,Tsai T,Nunes L,Lue TF

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of [(18)F]FDG-PET, CT/MRI and serum tumor marker (TM) to predict the viability of residual masses after high-dose chemotherapy (HD-Ctx) in patients with metastatic germ cell tumors (GCT). In a prospective study, 60 residual tumors in 28 GCT patients were classified a...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Pfannenberg AC,Oechsle K,Bokemeyer C,Kollmannsberger C,Dohmen BM,Bares R,Hartmann JT,Vonthein R,Claussen CD

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our objectives were to assess the value of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in treating pediatric urolithiasis, and to determine the factors that may affect treatment success. Between January 1993 and August 2002, 129 children with upper urinary tract calculi (134 renoureteral units) were treated using a D...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Aksoy Y,Ozbey I,Atmaca AF,Polat O

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite several new urine markers urinary cytology remains the gold standard for the non-invasive detection of bladder carcinoma. The use of monoclonal antibodies against tumor associated antigens offers a promising approach to improve urinary cytology. The aim of this study was to compare fluorescence immunocytology ...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Toma MI,Friedrich MG,Hautmann SH,Jäkel KT,Erbersdobler A,Hellstern A,Huland H

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) represents one of the most significant risk factors for acute pyelonephritis in children. The current indications for the surgical correction of VUR depend on the presence or absence of renal scars. If no scars are present, primary ureteral reimplantation is only indicated in high-grade bil...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Heidenreich A,Ozgur E,Becker T,Haupt G

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical epidemiology is sometimes called the basic science of clinical medicine. In terms of the pathogenesis of testicular germ cell tumors (GCTs), clinical epidemiology analyzes suspected risk factors. The present review highlights the risk factors established so far and briefly summarizes those factors currently u...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Dieckmann KP,Pichlmeier U

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand alterations to the urokinase system that may occur in progressively metastatic prostate cancer cells, we assessed urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) expression, in vitro motility towards vitronectin, urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA)-induced growth and growth factor regulation of uPAR ex...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Forbes K,Gillette K,Kelley LA,Sehgal I

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Due to its unique biological behavior, late relapse (LR) of testicular cancer has recently been described as an own tumor entity. It is currently defined as tumor recurrence more than 2 years after complete remission following primary treatment including chemotherapy. The incidence ranges from 2 to 6%, with a median r...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Lipphardt ME,Albers P

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Familial risks for cancer are important for clinical counseling and understanding cancer etiology. The nationwide Swedish Family-Cancer Database includes all Swedes born in 1932 and later (0 to 68-year-old offspring) with their parents, totaling over 10.2 million individuals. Urological cancer cases were retrieved fro...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Hemminki K,Li X,Czene K

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a definite need for an effective and reversible form of male contraception, both for maintaining a stable population in industrial countries and for diminishing population growth in developing countries. It has been agreed upon that contraception is an essential component of reproductive health for men and wo...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Weber RF,Dohle GR

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The physiological role of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA sulphate (DHEAS) is poorly understood. It depends in a large part on their transformation into testosterone and estradiol. The capacity of DHEA as a neurosteroid, the recent discovery of putative specific DHEA receptors on endothelial and vascular smooth...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Buvat J

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Upon feeling the urge to urinate, the urinary bladder contracts, the urethral sphincters relax and urine flows through the urethra. These actions are mediated by the micturition reflex. We investigated the hypothesis that vesical contraction is maintained by positive feedback through continuous flow of urine through t...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Shafik A,Shafik AA,El-Sibai O,Ahmed I

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) is a neuropeptide that has been suggested to play a role in the development of some malignancies. Our aim was: (1) to identify the expression of GRP in cancerous prostate glands, and (2) to correlate its expression to various pathological parameters and to the patient's clinical outcome...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Constantinides C,Lazaris AC,Haritopoulos KN,Pantazopoulos D,Chrisofos M,Giannopoulos A

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prostatitis syndrome is commonly found in urologic practice and is classified according to the NIDDK/NIH, in which bacterial prostatitis (acute and chronic) is distinguished from chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS). In acute bacterial prostatitis (NIH category I), antibiotic treatment is mandatory and successful i...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Wagenlehner FM,Naber KG

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well established that transmitters of the nonadrenergic-noncholinergic (NANC) system are involved in the control of sexual arousal and penile erection in healthy males. The proerectile activity of dopamine D1/D2 receptor agonist apomorphine-HCl (IXENSE, UPRIMA) involves oxytocinergic pathways descending from the...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Uckert S,Becker AJ,Ness BO,Stief CG,Scheller F,Knapp WH,Jonas U

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our objectives were to ascertain the tolerability and efficacy of trospium chloride in doses of 20 mg twice daily for long-term therapy (52 weeks) in patients with urge syndrome. The trial comprised a total of 358 patients with urge syndrome or urge incontinence. After randomisation in the ratio of 3:1, participants w...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Halaska M,Ralph G,Wiedemann A,Primus G,Ballering-Brühl B,Höfner K,Jonas U

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We prospectively compared, within the same center and during the same period of time, the perioperative parameters as well as the oncological and functional results of both open retropubic (ORP) and laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). From September 1999 to September 2001, 162 patients with prostate cancer were ...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Roumeguere T,Bollens R,Vanden Bossche M,Rochet D,Bialek D,Hoffman P,Quackels T,Damoun A,Wespes E,Schulman CC,Zlotta AR

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Evidence suggests that both selenium and vitamin E reduce the risk of prostate cancer. The Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) is a randomized, prospective, double-blind study designed to determine whether selenium and vitamin E alone and in combination can reduce the risk of prostate can...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Klein EA,Lippman SM,Thompson IM,Goodman PJ,Albanes D,Taylor PR,Coltman C

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report on a 17-year-old white woman with multiple bilateral renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) in the absence of tuberous sclerosis. Multiple hyperdense lesions were detected in both kidneys by sonography. A computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed mainly fatty tissue. Sparing as much functional tissue as possible, eight ...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Heinke T,Bonfig R,Riedmiller H

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection has been accepted as the standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy are increasingly being implemented in bladder-preservation protocols to provide an alternative treatment to cystectomy. We review experience with radia...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Bradley BA,Wajsman Z

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A basic understanding of the mediators and related mechanisms involved in the genital physiology of the female sexual response, and, in particular, the physiology of arousal, is paramount for the clinical practitioner whose medical knowledge and practice pertain to female sexual dysfunction. Familiarity with establish...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Burnett AL,Truss MC

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) is conventionally treated with oral antibiotics. With this Phase II study, we investigated the action of a locally disinfecting substance, Instillagel, in symptomatic NGU. Instillation treatment was performed twice daily to 32 male patients with symptomatic NGU. To evaluate the therapeu...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Sperling H,Bastian HP,Boeminghau F,Ludwig G,Terhorst B,Rübben H

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of human benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) clearly requires a combination of testicular androgens and the ageing process. Although the role of androgens as the causative factor for human benign prostatic hyperplasia is debated, they undoubtedly play, at least, a permissive role. The principal prostati...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Bartsch G,Rittmaster RS,Klocker H

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A once-daily (o.d.) formulation of alfuzosin has recently been developed in order to improve the convenience of dosing and to provide optimal pharmacokinetic coverage over a 24-h period. The results of two double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III studies of similar design that included 983 patients with LUTS that su...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Höfner K,Jonas U

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxybutynin is a tertiary amine, which undergoes an extensive first-pass metabolism. It has an active metabolite, N-desethyl oxybutynin, and the effect of oral oxybutynin is to a large extent exerted by this metabolite. Oxybutynin has both an antimuscarinic and a direct muscle relaxant effect, and, in addition, local a...

journal_title：World journal of urology

authors： Andersson KE,Chapple CR

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00